Finally... New PC - LL3.0 - BTRFS~RAID10

[LL-user]

Great stuff, Dave!
Thanks for sharing

[Wirezfree]

Finally I got time to do my new pc based on ASRock N3700 Mobo
Used "btrfs" and 4 X Drives for "RAID10 or 1+0" allows for 2 of 4 drive failures, Striped Mirrors.
inxi:

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System:    Host: asrock1 Kernel: 4.4.0-31-generic x86_64 (64 bit)
           Desktop: Xfce 4.12.3 Distro: Ubuntu 16.04 xenial
Machine:   Mobo: ASRock model: N3700-ITX
           Bios: American Megatrends v: P1.70 date: 04/18/2016
CPU:       Quad core Intel Pentium N3700 (-MCP-) cache: 1024 KB
           clock speeds: max: 2400 MHz 1: 1791 MHz 2: 1929 MHz 3: 1285 MHz
           4: 1174 MHz
Graphics:  Card: Intel Device 22b1
           Display Server: X.Org 1.18.3 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)
           Resolution: [email protected]
           GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel HD Graphics (Cherryview)
           GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0
Audio:     Card Intel Device 2284 driver: snd_hda_intel
           Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k4.4.0-31-generic
Network:   Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
           driver: r8169
           IF: p2p1 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full
           mac: d0:50:99:a3:b1:81
Drives:    HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (0.6% used)
           ID-1: /dev/sda model: Samsung_SSD_850 size: 250.1GB
           ID-2: /dev/sdb model: Samsung_SSD_850 size: 250.1GB
           ID-3: /dev/sdc model: Samsung_SSD_850 size: 250.1GB
           ID-4: /dev/sdd model: Samsung_SSD_850 size: 250.1GB
Partition: ID-1: / size: 466G used: 5.2G (2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda1
           ID-2: /home size: 466G used: 5.2G (2%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/sda1
RAID:      No RAID devices: /proc/mdstat, md_mod kernel module present
Sensors:   System Temperatures: cpu: 35.0C mobo: 42.0C
           Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A fan-1: 2323 fan-2: 0
Info:      Processes: 222 Uptime: 23:52 Memory: 594.9/15531.8MB
           Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35


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sudo btrfs filesystem show /
Label: 'RAID10'  uuid: 19d017b7-058b-4129-afc0-94d87f09d062
Total devices 4 FS bytes used 5.10GiB
devid    1 size 232.88GiB used 5.54GiB path /dev/sda1
devid    2 size 232.88GiB used 5.54GiB path /dev/sdb1
devid    3 size 232.88GiB used 5.54GiB path /dev/sdc1
devid    4 size 232.88GiB used 5.54GiB path /dev/sdd1


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sudo btrfs filesystem usage -H /
Overall:
    Device size:             1.00TB
    Device allocated:            23.79GB
    Device unallocated:           976.44GB
    Device missing:              0.00B
    Used:            10.95GB
    Free (estimated):           491.56GB (min: 491.56GB)
    Data ratio:               2.00
    Metadata ratio:               2.00
    Global reserve:            83.89MB (used: 0.00B)
Data,RAID10: Size:8.59GB, Used:5.25GB
   /dev/sda1     2.15GB
   /dev/sdb1     2.15GB
   /dev/sdc1     2.15GB
   /dev/sdd1     2.15GB
Metadata,RAID10: Size:3.22GB, Used:220.17MB
   /dev/sda1   805.31MB
   /dev/sdb1   805.31MB
   /dev/sdc1   805.31MB
   /dev/sdd1   805.31MB
System,RAID10: Size:83.89MB, Used:16.38kB
   /dev/sda1    20.97MB
   /dev/sdb1    20.97MB
   /dev/sdc1    20.97MB
   /dev/sdd1    20.97MB
Unallocated:
   /dev/sda1   247.08GB
   /dev/sdb1   247.08GB
   /dev/sdc1   247.08GB
   /dev/sdd1   247.08GB


Built in the smallest case I could find with a single 5.25" inch bay to take the 4 X 2.5" drive bay adaptor.((DVD Case for comparative size))
Sorry, picture not great, from my phone, you can just make out the 4 Drives bays, you can open and change drives.




Here's the "How I Did It" ~ Install "LL-BTRFS - RAID10 ~ 4 Disks"
This is based on info from various sources, did test in Virtualbox first.


Boot LL Live from USB/CD/DVD


First open a terminal and do a

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ll /dev/sdCheck that you can see all the 4 disks O.K ,
Then
Create Disk Partition(s) (see note at end on swap**)


Open "gparted" and select 1st disk, "sda"
Then go: Device > Create Partion Table, select "DOS"
Then create a "single partitition on each of the sdX's, "DO NOT" select file system type and leave "unformatted"
repeat this for each of the disk: sdb & sdc and sdd. ((btrfs automatically created a /home))
Next
Create File System & RAID for installation.
Open a terminal. (ctrl+alt+t)

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sudo mkfs.btrfs -L RAID10 -m raid10 -d raid10 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1Next
Start installation, at the where to install, make sure to select "Other"
Just make selection "change" to install on the1st drive "sda1 = /"
>> DO NOT TICK FORMAT <<
Select use as "btrfs file system"
You only need to select the first disk partion "sda1" for "/" and "sda2" if you created "swap"
Click the "Install Now" button. ((btrfs will know to install to all 4 drives))
Click "Continue" to the various dialogue box's about partitions...
At GRUB dialogue box, you will get "Errors", select "Continue" without installing,
When install finishes, select "Continue Testing".


Then:
Open a terminal. (ctrl+alt+t)

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sudo mount -t btrfs -o subvol=@ /dev/sda1 /target
sudo mount --bind /proc     /target/proc
sudo mount --bind /sys      /target/sys
sudo mount --bind /dev      /target/dev
sudo mount --bind /dev/pts  /target/dev/pts
sudo mount --bind /dev/shm  /target/dev/shm
sudo cp -f /etc/resolv.conf /target/etc/resolv.conf


sudo chroot /target
grub-install /dev/sda
grub-install /dev/sdb
grub-install /dev/sdc
grub-install /dev/sdd
update-grub
Ignore the "Logger Error", The above will allow you to Boot from any drive


Close any open terminals.
Shutdown, remove the LL boot disk, and re-boot.
All being well you should now be in LL, and on Btrfs RAID 10.


"NOTE" - There is an Ubuntu bug that "may" give an error at boot on btrfs, I did not get the error, but to fix it:

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gksu leafpad /etc/grub.d/00_header

Edit line that starts with:  if [ -n “\${have_grubenv}
and change it to:                # if [ -n “\${have_grubenv}
Then save & exit and re-boot.


To check basics, open a terminal. (ctrl+alt+t)

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sudo btrfs filesystem show
sudo btrfs filesystem df /
sudo btrfs device stats /mnt
"Should show status & disk information & no errors."


Carry on with your normal set-up.


**swap
If you have 4GB or more of memory, you probably don't need swap for general Desktop use.
If less than 4GB, create a swap, larger then your memory, say 1.5X or 2X memory.