Linux Lite Forums
Hardware - Support => Hard Drives and SSDs => Topic started by: then00b on September 05, 2016, 12:43:44 PM
-
How can I defrag on this OS?
-
There are varying opinions on the need to defrag Linux in normal desktop day to day usage, and only required for heavy duty servers/databases etc...
But to Check & Defrag your root /
sudo e4defrag -c /
sudo e4defrag -v /
To check & defrag /home
sudo e4defrag -c /home
sudo e4defrag -v /home
More details on e4defrag (http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man8/e4defrag.8.html)
-
Got an SSD?
Forget it for your own good.
-
@richtea
You raise a good point, however:
1. Read/Write issues with the current(new) generation of technology removes this issue.
SSD are widely used now in data centres without issues where read/writes are many, many magnitudes greater than home users
2. Also the regular disks/spinners read/write sequentially, hence the need to keep everything aligned by defraging
SSD's work completely different, they have controllers that work with the random data placement, so defraging is less of an issue.
-
There are varying opinions on the need to defrag Linux in normal desktop day to day usage, and only required for heavy duty servers/databases etc...
But to Check & Defrag your root /
sudo e4defrag -c /
sudo e4defrag -v /
To check & defrag /home
sudo e4defrag -c /home
sudo e4defrag -v /home
More details on e4defrag (http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man8/e4defrag.8.html)
Hey man! Thanks! The reason I want to defrag it coz my laptop is getting slower, I don't have a lot of files. So, I'm hoping it could solve the problem. :)
-
There is just one correct answer to:
How can I defrag on this OS?
Namely: "But why?"
Now we know:
I want to defrag it coz my laptop is getting slower, I don't have a lot of files. So, I'm hoping it could solve the problem. :)
Not a lot of files, so why fragmentation in particular should be the cause of a slowdown? It is more like trying to take a pot shot at the issue.
On Linux, generally, defragging is an exercise in futility. There are just two scenarios when it might have an effect:
1. Massive databases that are continuously amended.
2. HD packed to the gills with stuff.
Having used Linux OSs for some 15 years now, I have never, ever had to defrag. Frankly, I do not think there is much dissenting opinion on that.
-
Agree with richtea, no point in defragging in linux, but if it gives you peace of mind then go for it.
Sent from my Nexus 6 using Tapatalk
-
Just my plugged nickle and to maybe add help to then00b.... ;)
Defragging was the go to for Windows for PC slowness, usually; clear temps, cache, disk clean up and defrag...
You can also use "Lite Tweaks" to clean up/maintain the system similarly to disk clean up.. Anything marked safe is a no brainer; those marked caution are more so for specific fixes for problems so be mindful when selecting.
For slowness, maybe adding a bit more info; when are you noticing the slow down.. browsing, working with "XX" application or in general = boot up etc..
Along with system specs or the output of
inxi -F
-
Just my plugged nickle and to maybe add help to then00b.... ;)
Defragging was the go to for Windows for PC slowness, usually; clear temps, cache, disk clean up and defrag...
You can also use "Lite Tweaks" to clean up/maintain the system similarly to disk clean up.. Anything marked safe is a no brainer; those marked caution are more so for specific fixes for problems so be mindful when selecting.
For slowness, maybe adding a bit more info; when are you noticing the slow down.. browsing, working with "XX" application or in general = boot up etc..
Along with system specs or the output of
inxi -F
I've tried defrag already. Still the same, still lag.
Here's the specs:
System: Host: linuxlite-Aspire-5560 Kernel: 4.4.0-36-generic x86_64 (64 bit)
Desktop: Xfce 4.12.3 Distro: Ubuntu 16.04 xenial
Machine: System: Acer (portable) product: Aspire 5560 v: 0.1
Mobo: Acer model: Aspire 5560 v: A11
Bios: Phoenix v: V1.15 date: 12/05/2011
CPU: Quad core AMD A6-3420M APU with Radeon HD Graphics (-MCP-) cache: 4096 KB
clock speeds: max: 1500 MHz 1: 1200 MHz 2: 1200 MHz 3: 1400 MHz
4: 900 MHz
Graphics: Card: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] BeaverCreek [Radeon HD 6520G]
Display Server: X.Org 1.18.3 drivers: ati,radeon (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)
Resolution: [email protected]
GLX Renderer: Gallium 0.4 on AMD SUMO (DRM 2.43.0, LLVM 3.8.0)
GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0
Audio: Card-1 Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] FCH Azalia Controller
driver: snd_hda_intel
Card-2 Advanced Micro Devices [AMD/ATI] BeaverCreek HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 6500D and 6400G-6600G series]
driver: snd_hda_intel
Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k4.4.0-36-generic
Network: Card-1: Broadcom NetLink BCM57785 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe driver: tg3
IF: p4p1 state: down
Card-2: Broadcom BCM43227 802.11b/g/n driver: wl
IF: wlp2s0 state: up
Drives: HDD Total Size: 500.1GB (3.7% used)
ID-1: /dev/sda model: Hitachi_HTS54505 size: 500.1GB
Partition: ID-1: / size: 455G used: 14G (4%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda1
ID-2: swap-1 size: 3.73GB used: 0.01GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda5
RAID: No RAID devices: /proc/mdstat, md_mod kernel module present
Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 50.2C mobo: 43.0C gpu: 51.0
Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
Info: Processes: 207 Uptime: 4:21 Memory: 1723.5/3422.1MB
Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
http://askubuntu.com/questions/515126/how-to-make-ubuntu-14-04-run-with-less-lag I've tried searching for solutions and I found this. What do you think?
-
Your specs aren't that bad. You'd be better off upgrading to a cheap SSD. Your hard drive is pretty low spec.
Sent from my Nexus 6 using Tapatalk
-
A couple things -
Lag and Slowness are a bit general - are you having the same lag hovering over icons?
You're using LL3.0 Ubuntu base is 16.04; 14.04 fixes may or may not resolve exactly...
For the hardware you shouldn't notice any slowness in general...
If the slowness is similar to the icons as with the link provided - it maybe graphics related (updating driver) but I'm going to take a stab and say the slowness you're experiencing is related to internet browsing/connectivity??? Again this is my guess as I see its a Broadcom ;)
I'm curious to what's slow for you..
Pinpointing exactly will yield different drivers to update/support.
Also before updating drivers; I would suggest making a Systemback backup, if updating drivers have an ill effect it will be easy to revert back.
Some info on Broadcom - https://www.linuxliteos.com/forums/network/(solved)-broadcom-wireless-issue/msg4997/#msg4997
But searching will result a lot of results.. Again if the slowness is network related :o
I was posting the same time as Jerry... Or as he suggests....
-
I concur with Jerry.
I think that HD is a significant source of performance issues...
Benchmark for Hitachi HT54505 (http://hdd.userbenchmark.com/SpeedTest/1400/Hitachi-HTS54505)
I think any recent SSD is going to be a major boost.
You are only using 3.7% of 500GB, so even a cheap 120/128GB would be enough
-
@firenice03 raises some good points
Are you seeing laggy internet..??
What does a speed test (http://www.speedtest.net/) give you.?
With that CPU you should not have issues really
Benchmark for: AMD A6-3420M (http://www.cpubenchmark.net/cpu.php?cpu=AMD+A6-3420M+APU&id=22)
On my N3700 (http://www.cpubenchmark.net/cpu.php?cpu=Intel+Pentium+N3700+%40+1.60GHz&id=2513) I get to the desktop from cold boot in @ 10~12secs with a SSD
I think your disk is a bottleneck
-
Just to check on the HD as likely culprit, go to Disks, press CTRL+S, and look over your SMART Data.
Curiosity kills the cat.
-
You can also do a quick test on the disk:
Use whatever your sdx is, a, b, c
For comparison,
On a good WD Hard Disk
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sdb/dev/sdb:
Timing buffered disk reads: 332 MB in 3.00 seconds = 110.57 MB/sec
On Samsung SSD
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sda/dev/sda:
Timing buffered disk reads: 1494 MB in 3.00 seconds = 497.68 MB/sec
-
You can also do a quick test on the disk:
Use whatever your sdx is, a, b, c
For comparison,
On a good WD Hard Disk
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sdb/dev/sdb:
Timing buffered disk reads: 332 MB in 3.00 seconds = 110.57 MB/sec
On Samsung SSD
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sda/dev/sda:
Timing buffered disk reads: 1494 MB in 3.00 seconds = 497.68 MB/sec
This is what I got:
Timing buffered disk reads: 244 MB in 3.01 seconds = 81.03 MB/sec
-
Disks:
(https://s12.postimg.org/o0vrc4n59/Screenshot_2016_09_08_21_40_10.png)
(https://s9.postimg.org/vwxlfxda7/Screenshot_2016_09_08_21_41_00.png)
-
It's O.K, but 5 to 6X slower than an SSD
-
It's O.K, but 5 to 6X slower than an SSD
I've installed a virtual machine do you think it's possible to run it with this specs? I'm planning to install windows in it.
-
A couple things -
Lag and Slowness are a bit general - are you having the same lag hovering over icons?
You're using LL3.0 Ubuntu base is 16.04; 14.04 fixes may or may not resolve exactly...
For the hardware you shouldn't notice any slowness in general...
If the slowness is similar to the icons as with the link provided - it maybe graphics related (updating driver) but I'm going to take a stab and say the slowness you're experiencing is related to internet browsing/connectivity??? Again this is my guess as I see its a Broadcom ;)
I'm curious to what's slow for you..
Pinpointing exactly will yield different drivers to update/support.
Also before updating drivers; I would suggest making a Systemback backup, if updating drivers have an ill effect it will be easy to revert back.
Some info on Broadcom - https://www.linuxliteos.com/forums/network/(solved)-broadcom-wireless-issue/msg4997/#msg4997
But searching will result a lot of results.. Again if the slowness is network related :o
I was posting the same time as Jerry... Or as he suggests....
Hmm.. I wish I can explain it more accurately. It's not slow like a speed of a car, it's more laggy for example minimizing a browser it tends to leave some kind of trail some sort of a shadow.
-
To me... That sounds more related to the graphics driver... Shadowed/delayed/ghosted images, more so as if the the video is refreshing slower..
If you wanted to update the video driver, I would make a systemback backup as the first thing.. If the updated driver doesn't work you can easily revert back.
Give the manual a read https://www.linuxliteos.com/manual/hardware.html#graphics
Then you could check in the Install Drivers (type from menu) to see if any better drivers are available.. (listed in the manual)
As well as searching the forums for ATI or AMD or Radeon for hits..
-
To me... That sounds more related to the graphics driver... Shadowed/delayed/ghosted images, more so as if the the video is refreshing slower..
If you wanted to update the video driver, I would make a systemback backup as the first thing.. If the updated driver doesn't work you can easily revert back.
Give the manual a read https://www.linuxliteos.com/manual/hardware.html#graphics (https://www.linuxliteos.com/manual/hardware.html#graphics)
Then you could check in the Install Drivers (type from menu) to see if any better drivers are available.. (listed in the manual)
As well as searching the forums for ATI or AMD or Radeon for hits..
This is what I got on additional drivers:
(https://s9.postimg.org/f5twz5wu7/Screenshot_2016_09_09_17_04_03.png)
sudo lshw -C display result:
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: BeaverCreek [Radeon HD 6520G]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=radeon latency=0
resources: irq:27 memory:e0000000-efffffff ioport:2000(size=256) memory:f0200000-f023ffff
-
An additional thought...
Have you configured/added any additional graphical themes/functionality - Compiz etc..??
- If so, perhaps setting back to a LL default config to confirm if issue persists..
Here are a couple threads regarding AMD and LL that may enlighten..
https://www.linuxliteos.com/forums/start-up-and-shutdown/shutdown-problems-andor-sluggish-system-w-amd-graphics/msg20292/#msg20292
https://www.linuxliteos.com/forums/video-cards/amd-drivers-which-to-use/msg24811/#msg24811
-
An additional thought...
Have you configured/added any additional graphical themes/functionality - Compiz etc..??
- If so, perhaps setting back to a LL default config to confirm if issue persists..
Here are a couple threads regarding AMD and LL that may enlighten..
https://www.linuxliteos.com/forums/start-up-and-shutdown/shutdown-problems-andor-sluggish-system-w-amd-graphics/msg20292/#msg20292
https://www.linuxliteos.com/forums/video-cards/amd-drivers-which-to-use/msg24811/#msg24811
I need help! Please! I've tried this: http://ajreissig.com/eliminate-screen-tearing-amd-graphics/
I did it accordingly. But, after the last part. I reboot it and it supposed to boot normally but now its all black screen. Please help!
-
Try after it has boots to the blank screen...
Press CTRL + ALT + F1
You should come up to a tty1 screen prompting for login... Do so.. You will be at a command prompt...
From there try the commands suggested to revert:
After reboot, you will find screen tearing has been eliminate. If you wish to revert the changes, open the terminal and add the following:
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amd.confsudo reboot
-
*********************************************************************************************************************************
EDIT: firenice03 responded before I finished and posted this. Try that solution first -- it's easier than my instructions below, but is doing exactly the same thing.
*********************************************************************************************************************************
I don't know a lot about fixing graphic card issues, (so can't be much help with that), but I can help you reverse what you did according to that link.
Hopefully you still have the live install dvd/usb that you used to install LL. If not, make another.
Boot computer with your live dvd/usb.
Open a terminal and enter this command to list the partitions on your hard drive.
sudo parted -l (Command ends in a lowercase letter "L", not the number "1".)
Find your LL root partition and make note of which partition it is (eg. /dev/sda1, /dev/sda5, etc.). Assuming you did a standard installation that results in one root partition and one swap partition, just look for the partition that shows "ext4" under the "File system" column of the output. If you have a root/home/swap setup, you'll see two with "ext4". The smaller of the two partitions will be the root partition in that case (unless you have a very strange setup).
Substitute your correct partition in place of my example of /dev/sdXY in the command below. (X is the drive letter -- eg. a,b,c -- Y is the partition number -- 1,2,3. Command will mount the root partition to the live environment so you can get to the file you made from that tutorial.
sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt
Now we'll just delete the file you made in tutorial so it doesn't get used on further boots. Enter this command to do that.
sudo rm /mnt/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amd.conf
Now unmount the partition with this command.
sudo umount /mnt
Shutdown, remove live dvd/usb, boot back up and should be back to way it was before that change.
-
Try after it has boots to the blank screen...
Press CTRL + ALT + F1
You should come up to a tty1 screen prompting for login... Do so.. You will be at a command prompt...
From there try the commands suggested to revert:
After reboot, you will find screen tearing has been eliminate. If you wish to revert the changes, open the terminal and add the following:
sudo rm /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amd.confsudo reboot
I put my username and password correctly but it still incorrect. What to do?
-
I put my username and password correctly but it still incorrect. What to do?
Incorrect password?
Type password into login, confirm correct - - perhaps a numlock issue
******************************
A second thought I had... And not to step on gold_fingers fingers lol...
If you can get to the tty and you did make a systemback backup..
The following command will initiate the systemback command line interface...
sudo systemback-cli
Choose the restore point and follow prompts...
-
It didn't work, still incorrect. No command prompt as well. I didn't back it up, :(.
-
If can't access the tty - try gold_fingers suggestion ...
-
If can't access the tty - try gold_fingers suggestion ...
Is there a way to save my files on a usb on this situation? I'm planning to reinstall the OS.
-
*********************************************************************************************************************************
EDIT: firenice03 responded before I finished and posted this. Try that solution first -- it's easier than my instructions below, but is doing exactly the same thing.
*********************************************************************************************************************************
I don't know a lot about fixing graphic card issues, (so can't be much help with that), but I can help you reverse what you did according to that link.
Hopefully you still have the live install dvd/usb that you used to install LL. If not, make another.
Boot computer with your live dvd/usb.
Open a terminal and enter this command to list the partitions on your hard drive.
sudo parted -l (Command ends in a lowercase letter "L", not the number "1".)
Find your LL root partition and make note of which partition it is (eg. /dev/sda1, /dev/sda5, etc.). Assuming you did a standard installation that results in one root partition and one swap partition, just look for the partition that shows "ext4" under the "File system" column of the output. If you have a root/home/swap setup, you'll see two with "ext4". The smaller of the two partitions will be the root partition in that case (unless you have a very strange setup).
Substitute your correct partition in place of my example of /dev/sdXY in the command below. (X is the drive letter -- eg. a,b,c -- Y is the partition number -- 1,2,3. Command will mount the root partition to the live environment so you can get to the file you made from that tutorial.
sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt
Now we'll just delete the file you made in tutorial so it doesn't get used on further boots. Enter this command to do that.
sudo rm /mnt/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amd.conf
Now unmount the partition with this command.
sudo umount /mnt
Shutdown, remove live dvd/usb, boot back up and should be back to way it was before that change.
(https://s13.postimg.org/du76fl28n/IMG_20160910_230300919.jpg)
I'm quite confused on the second step, can you do it for me please. The drive letter part.
-
sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt
sda1 is the primary ext4 (root)
sda2 is the extended
sda5 is swap
sdb1 is the cruizer
so sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt*note the space after the 1 and /mnt
-
sudo mount /dev/sdXY /mnt
sda1 is the primary ext4 (root)
sda2 is the extended
sda5 is swap
sdb1 is the cruizer
so sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt*note the space after the 1 and /mnt
Thank you sir! :) It worked! Thank you for your great effort! Thank you everyone!
-
Glad you back in business ;D
-
+1 firenice03 & goldfinger
What a great community we have here, not forgetting a great distro(Jerry) around which it is built....